Kodi sikelo yamagetsi ndiyolondola?Chifukwa chiyani mita yamadzi ndi gasi nthawi zina imatha "chiwerengero chachikulu"?Kuyenda mukamayendetsa kungathe bwanji kuyikika mu nthawi yeniyeni?Mbali zambiri za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku zimagwirizana kwenikweni ndi kuyeza.Meyi 20 ndi "World Metrology Day", metrology ili ngati mpweya, osazindikirika, koma nthawi zonse mozungulira anthu.
Kuyeza kumatanthawuza ntchito yozindikira mgwirizano wa mayunitsi ndi mtengo wolondola komanso wodalirika wa kuchuluka, zomwe zimatchedwa "miyeso ndi miyeso" m'mbiri yathu.Ndi chitukuko cha kupanga ndi sayansi ndi luso, Metrology zamakono wapanga mwambo wodziimira kuphimba kutalika, kutentha, zimango, electromagnetism, wailesi, nthawi pafupipafupi, ionizing cheza, kuwala, mamvekedwe, umagwirira ndi magulu ena khumi, ndi tanthauzo la metrology. yafikiranso ku sayansi ya kuyeza ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake.
Metrology idakula mwachangu ndi kutuluka kwa Industrial Revolution, ndipo nthawi yomweyo idathandizira kupita patsogolo kopitilira muyeso kwa mafakitale.Pachiyambi choyamba cha Industrial Revolution, kuyeza kwa kutentha ndi mphamvu kunapangitsa kuti injini ya nthunzi ipangidwe, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale kufunikira kwa kutentha ndi kupanikizika.Kusintha kwachiwiri kwa mafakitale kumayimiridwa ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa magetsi, kuyeza kwa zizindikiro zamagetsi kunafulumizitsa kuphunzira za makhalidwe a magetsi, ndipo chida chamagetsi chinasinthidwa kuchokera ku chipangizo chosavuta chowonetsera ma elekitirole kupita ku chipangizo chamagetsi chapamwamba kwambiri.M’zaka za m’ma 1940 ndi m’ma 1950, kusintha kwa umisiri wowongolera zidziwitso kunayambika m’mbali zambiri monga chidziwitso, mphamvu zatsopano, zipangizo zatsopano, biology, luso la mlengalenga ndi luso la Marine.Motsogozedwa ndi izi, metrology yapita patsogolo kwambiri, yocheperako, yokwera kwambiri komanso yotsika kwambiri, zomwe zalimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwachangu kwa sayansi yamakono ndiukadaulo monga nanotechnology ndiukadaulo wazamlengalenga.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri matekinoloje atsopano monga mphamvu ya atomiki, ma semiconductors, ndi makompyuta apakompyuta kwalimbikitsa kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kuchokera ku ma benchmarks a macroscopic kupita ku ma benchmark a kuchuluka, ndipo zotsogola zatsopano zapangidwa muukadaulo wozindikira zakutali, ukadaulo wanzeru, ndiukadaulo wozindikira pa intaneti.Titha kunena kuti kudumpha kulikonse mu metrology kwabweretsa mphamvu yayikulu pazatsopano zasayansi ndiukadaulo, kupita patsogolo kwa zida zasayansi ndikukula kwa kuyeza m'magawo ofananira.
Mu 2018, Msonkhano Wapadziko Lonse wa 26 wa Miyezo udavota kuti avomereze kukonzanso kwa International System of Units (SI), yomwe idasintha kachitidwe ka miyeso ndi miyeso yoyezera.Malinga ndi chigamulocho, kilogalamu, ampere, Kelvin ndi mole m'magawo oyambira a SI adasinthidwa kukhala matanthauzidwe okhazikika omwe amathandizidwa ndiukadaulo wa quantum metrology, motsatana.Mwachitsanzo, zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo, kilogalamu imodzi inali yofanana ndi kulemera kwa kilogalamu yapadziko lonse ya “Big K” yosungidwa ndi International Bureau of Metrology.Kulemera kwa thupi la "Big K" kukasintha, kilogalamu ya kilogalamu idzasinthanso, ndikukhudza mndandanda wamagulu ogwirizana.Zosintha izi "zimakhudza thupi lonse", magawo onse a moyo adzayenera kuyang'ananso miyezo yomwe ilipo, ndipo njira yotanthauzira nthawi zonse imathetsa vutoli.Monga momwe mu 1967, pamene tanthauzo la gawo la nthawi "yachiwiri" linasinthidwanso ndi katundu wa atomu, anthu masiku ano ali ndi satellite navigation ndi teknoloji ya intaneti, kutanthauziranso kwa magawo anayi oyambirira kudzakhudza kwambiri sayansi, teknoloji. , malonda, thanzi, chilengedwe ndi zina.
Kukula kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo, kuyeza koyamba.Kuyeza sikungotsogolera ndi chitsimikizo cha sayansi ndi zamakono, komanso maziko ofunikira otetezera miyoyo ndi thanzi la anthu.Mutu wa chaka chino pa World Metrology Day ndi “Kuyezera Thanzi”.Pankhani ya chithandizo chamankhwala, kuyambira pakutsimikiza kwa mayeso ang'onoang'ono a thupi ndi mlingo wa mankhwala mpaka kuzindikira molondola ndi kuyeza kwa mapuloteni ovuta ndi mamolekyu a RNA panthawi ya chitukuko cha katemera, metrology yachipatala ndi njira yofunikira yowonetsetsa kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa zipangizo zamankhwala.Pankhani ya chitetezo cha chilengedwe, metrology imapereka chithandizo choyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira mpweya, khalidwe la madzi, nthaka, chilengedwe cha radiation ndi kuipitsa kwina, ndipo ndi "diso lamoto" kuteteza mapiri obiriwira.Pankhani ya chitetezo cha chakudya, chakudya chopanda kuipitsa chiyenera kuyesedwa molondola ndikuzindikira zinthu zovulaza m'mbali zonse za kupanga, kulongedza, mayendedwe, malonda, ndi zina zotero, kuti akwaniritse zomwe anthu amayembekezera pazakudya zabwino.M'tsogolomu, metrology ikuyembekezekanso kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa, kutsika kwambiri komanso kuyika chizindikiro cha digito ndi zida zamankhwala m'munda wa biomedicine ku China, ndikutsogolera ndikulimbikitsa chitukuko chapamwamba chamakampani azaumoyo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-21-2023